Lojban Vocabulary: cmavo

se

2nd conversion; switch 1st/2nd places

te

3rd conversion; switch 1st/3rd places

ve

4th conversion; switch 1st/4th places

xe

5th conversion; switch 1st/5th places

na

bridi contradictory negator; scope is an entire bridi; logically negates in some cmavo compounds

na'e

contrary scalar negator: other than …; not …; a scale or set is implied

no'e

midpoint scalar negator: neutral point between je'a and to'e; "not really"

to'e

polar opposite scalar negator

du'u

abstractor: predication/bridi abstractor; x1 is predication [bridi] expressed in sentence x2

jei

abstractor: truth-value abstractor; x1 is truth value of [bridi] under metaphysics x2

ka

abstractor: property/quality abstractor (-ness); x1 is quality/property exhibited by [bridi]

li'i

abstractor: experience abstractor; x1 is x2's experience of [bridi] (participant or observer)

mu'e

abstractor: achievement (event) abstractor; x1 is the event-as-a-point/achievement of [bridi]

ni

abstractor: quantity/amount abstractor; x1 is quantity/amount of [bridi] measured on scale x2

nu

abstractor: generalized event abstractor; x1 is state/process/achievement/activity of [bridi]

pu'u

abstractor: process (event) abstractor; x1 is process of [bridi] proceeding in stages x2

si'o

abstractor: idea/concept abstractor; x1 is x2's concept of [bridi]

su'u

abstractor: generalized abstractor (how); x1 is [bridi] as a non-specific abstraction of type x2

za'i

abstractor: state (event) abstractor; x1 is continuous state of [bridi] being true

zu'o

abstractor: activity (event) abstractor; x1 is abstract activity of [bridi] composed of x2

bi'i

non-logical interval connective: unordered between … and … (rafsi represents any interval)

ce

non-logical connective: set link, unordered; "and also", but forming a set

ce'o

non-logical connective: ordered sequence link; "and then", forming a sequence

jo'e

non-logical connective: union of sets

jo'u

non-logical connective: in common with; along with (unmixed)

joi

non-logical connective: mixed conjunction; "and" meaning "mixed together", forming a mass

ku'a

non-logical connective: intersection of sets

pi'u

non-logical connective: cross product; Cartesian product of sets

ja

logical connective: tanru-internal afterthought or

je

logical connective: tanru-internal afterthought and

jo

logical connective: tanru-internal afterthought biconditional/iff/if-and-only-if

ju

logical connective: tanru-internal afterthought whether-or-not

bo

short scope joiner; joins various constructs with shortest scope and right grouping

ca'a

modal aspect: actuality/ongoing event

co

tanru inversion operator; "… of type …"; allows modifier trailing sumti without sumti links

co'a

interval event contour: at the starting point of …; initiative

co'e

elliptical/unspecified bridi relationship

co'u

interval event contour: at the ending point of … even if not done; Cessative

du

identity selbri; ⇔ sign; x1 identically equals x2, x3, etc.; attached sumti refer to same thing

ke

start grouping of tanru, etc; … type of … ; overrides normal tanru left grouping

ke'e

elidable terminator: end of tanru left grouping override (usually elidable)

pu'i

modal aspect: can and has; demonstrated potential

roi

converts number to an objectively quantified tense interval modifier; defaults to time tense

nu'o

modal aspect: can but has not; unrealized potential

pe'a

marks figurative usage (non-literal) speech/text as a rafsi

va

location tense distance: near to … ; there at …; a medium/small distance from …

ve'e

location tense interval: the whole of space (rafsi is used to represent any space interval)

vi

location tense distance: here at … ; at, near, or a very short/tiny distance from …

vu

location tense distance: far from … ; yonder at … ; a long distance from …

za'o

interval event contour: continuing too long after natural end of …; superfective

ze'e

time tense interval: the whole of time (rafsi is used to represent any time interval)

ze'o

location tense relation/direction; beyond/outward/receding from …

zo'a

location tense relation/direction; tangential to/passing by …

zo'i

location tense relation/direction; nearer than …/inward/approaching from …

kei

elidable terminator: end abstraction bridi (often elidable)

le'e

non-veridical descriptor: the stereotype of those described as …

lo'e

veridical descriptor: the typical one(s) who really is(are) …

mo'i

mark motions in space-time

bu

convert any single word to BY

bu'a

logically quantified predicate variable: some selbri 1

broda

1st assignable variable predicate (context determines place structure)

brode

2nd assignable variable predicate (context determines place structure)

brodi

3rd assignable variable predicate (context determines place structure)

brodo

4th assignable variable predicate (context determines place structure)

brodu

5th assignable variable predicate (context determines place structure)

jufra

x1 (text) is a sentence/statement about x2 [topic/subject/predicate/focus] in language x3

lujvo

x1 (text) is a compound predicate word with meaning x2 and arguments x3 built from metaphor x4

bridi

x1 (text) is a predicate relationship with relation x2 among arguments (sequence/set) x3

sumti

x1 is a/the argument of predicate/function x2 filling place x3 (kind/number)